SINGLE-NOTE NEUME
Punctum

- Light
- Proved by Videns Dominus
- Usually found in combination


Give thanks to the Lord […]
SINGLE-NOTE APOSTROPHA
Stropha

- 2 repercussions = bistropha
- 3 repercussions = tristopha
- 4+ repercussions = groupings of 2’s or 3’s


This is the day the Lord has made; let us rejoice […]
Last note in grouping is always emphasized
This is proven in Laon 239, where the last stropha of each grouping has a longer tail than the others.
Single-note emphatic repercussion
[…] and in Your name I will lift up my hands, alleluia.
E 121, Graduale, Deus, Deus, f. 227, 10-11.



Graduale Romanum, Vatican, 1908, pg. 224.
SINGLE-NOTE HIGHER STROKE
Virga

Melodic indication is contextual.

Higher than preceding neumes
O Lord, send forth the Lamb, the ruler of all the earth, from the rock of the desert to the mountain of the daughters of Sion.


Higher than following neumes
Antiphonale Romanum II, Solesmes, 2009, pg. 26.
SINGLE-NOTE LOWER STROKE
Tractulus

Melodic indication is contextual

Lower preceding other neumes
But I am going to look towards the Lord, and I will expect the Lord to be my Savior.


Lower following other neumes
Lower preceding & following other neumes
Antiphonale monasticum I, Solesmes, 2005, pg. 45.
